GitLab CI template for S3 (Simple Storage Service)¶

This project implements a GitLab CI/CD template to deploy your objects to any S3 (Simple Storage Service) compatible object storage service.

This is a basic and very cheap solution to host static pages websites as well as progressive web applications.

It uses s3cmd to control the S3 API endpoint and uploading objects.

Usage¶

This template can be used both as a CI/CD component or using the legacy include:project syntax.

Use as a CI/CD component¶

Add the following to your .gitlab-ci.yml:

include:
  # 1: include the component
  - component: $CI_SERVER_FQDN/to-be-continuous/s3/gitlab-ci-s3@7.2.3
    # 2: set/override component inputs
    inputs:
      # ⚠ this is only an example
      deploy-files: "website/"
      staging-disabled: "true"
      base-bucket-name: "wonder-doc"
      # use same bucket for all review envs
      review-bucket-name: "wonder-doc-review"
      # segregate review envs with prefixes
      review-prefix: "$CI_ENVIRONMENT_SLUG"
      region: "eu-west-0"

Use as a CI/CD template (legacy)¶

Add the following to your .gitlab-ci.yml:

include:
  # 1: include the template
  - project: 'to-be-continuous/s3'
    ref: '7.2.3'
    file: '/templates/gitlab-ci-s3.yml'

variables:
  # 2: set/override template variables
  # ⚠ this is only an example
  S3_DEPLOY_FILES: "website/"
  S3_STAGING_DISABLED: "true"
  S3_BASE_BUCKET_NAME: "wonder-doc"
  # use same bucket for all review envs
  S3_REVIEW_BUCKET_NAME: "wonder-doc-review"
  # segregate review envs with prefixes
  S3_REVIEW_PREFIX: "$CI_ENVIRONMENT_SLUG"
  S3_REGION: "eu-west-0"

Understand¶

This chapter introduces key notions and principle to understand how this template works.

Managed deployment environments¶

This template implements continuous delivery/continuous deployment for projects hosted on S3 platforms.

It allows you to manage automatic deployment & cleanup of standard predefined environments. Each environment can be enabled/disabled by configuration. If you're not satisfied with predefined environments and/or their associated Git workflow, you may implement you own environments and workflow, by reusing/extending the base (hidden) jobs. This is advanced usage and will not be covered by this documentation.

The following chapters present the managed predefined environments and their associated Git workflow.

Review environments¶

The template supports review environments: those are dynamic and ephemeral environments to deploy your ongoing developments (a.k.a. feature or topic branches).

When enabled, it deploys the result from upstream build stages to a dedicated and temporary environment. It is only active for non-production, non-integration branches.

It is a strict equivalent of GitLab's Review Apps feature.

It also comes with a cleanup job (accessible either from the environments page, or from the pipeline view).

Integration environment¶

If you're using a Git Workflow with an integration branch (such as Gitflow), the template supports an integration environment.

When enabled, it deploys the result from upstream build stages to a dedicated environment. It is only active for your integration branch (develop by default).

Production environments¶

Lastly, the template supports 2 environments associated to your production branch (main or master by default):

a staging environment (an iso-prod environment meant for testing and validation purpose),
the production environment.

You're free to enable whichever or both, and you can also choose your deployment-to-production policy:

continuous deployment: automatic deployment to production (when the upstream pipeline is successful),
continuous delivery: deployment to production can be triggered manually (when the upstream pipeline is successful).

Using other S3-compatible systems than AWS¶

The template might be used with other storage systems provided they are implementing a compatible API. In that case, you'll have to override the default $S3_ENDPOINT_HOST and $S3_WEBSITE_ENDPOINTvariables.

Provider	`endpoint-host` / `S3_ENDPOINT_HOST`	`website-endpoint` / `S3_WEBSITE_ENDPOINT`
Google Cloud Platform	`storage.googleapis.com`	website hosting in GCP not supported by `s3cmd`
Microsoft Azure	requires using Minio Read this article for further information	N/A
Flexible Engine (Orange Business Services)	`oss.<region>.prod-cloud-ocb.orange-business.com` ( `<region>` must be set)	`https://%(bucket)s.oss-website.%(location)s.prod-cloud-ocb.orange-business.com`

Buckets namespacing¶

In its default configuration, the template manages (create/sync/delete) one S3 bucket per environment.

But you may also configure it to implement other policies. Here are several examples of alternate policies.

A single bucket with separate prefixes for each env¶

Here the .gitlab-ci.yml configuration for one shared bucket for all envs, each separated by prefix:

variables:
  # use same bucket for all envs
  S3_REVIEW_BUCKET_NAME: "acme-bucket-shared"
  S3_INTEG_BUCKET_NAME: "acme-bucket-shared"
  S3_STAGING_BUCKET_NAME: "acme-bucket-shared"
  S3_PROD_BUCKET_NAME: "acme-bucket-shared"
  # segregate envs with prefixes
  S3_PREFIX: "$CI_ENVIRONMENT_SLUG"

Hybrid policy¶

Here the .gitlab-ci.yml configuration for one shared bucket for review envs and separate buckets for others:

variables:
  # use same bucket for all review envs
  S3_REVIEW_BUCKET_NAME: "acme-bucket-review"
  S3_INTEG_BUCKET_NAME: "acme-bucket-integ"
  S3_STAGING_BUCKET_NAME: "acme-bucket-staging"
  S3_PROD_BUCKET_NAME: "acme-bucket-prod"
  # segregate review envs with prefixes
  S3_REVIEW_PREFIX: "$CI_ENVIRONMENT_SLUG"

Deployment output variables¶

As seen above, the S3 template may support up to 4 environments (review, integration, staging and production).

Each deployment job produces output variables that are propagated to downstream jobs (using dotenv artifacts):

environment_type: set to the type of environment (review, integration, staging or production),
environment_name: the application name (see below),
environment_url: set to $CI_ENVIRONMENT_URL.

They may be freely used in downstream jobs (for instance to run acceptance tests against the latest deployed environment).

Configuration reference¶

Secrets management¶

Here are some advices about your secrets (variables marked with a ):

Manage them as project or group CI/CD variables:
- masked to prevent them from being inadvertently displayed in your job logs,
- protected if you want to secure some secrets you don't want everyone in the project to have access to (for instance production secrets).
In case a secret contains characters that prevent it from being masked, simply define its value as the Base64 encoded value prefixed with @b64@: it will then be possible to mask it and the template will automatically decode it prior to using it.
Don't forget to escape special characters (ex: $ -> $$).

Global configuration¶

The S3 template uses some global configuration used throughout all jobs.

Input / Variable	Description	Default value
`cmd-image` / `S3_CMD_IMAGE`	The Docker image used to run s3cmd commands	`registry.hub.docker.com/d3fk/s3cmd:latest`
`endpoint-host` / `S3_ENDPOINT_HOST`	Default S3 endpoint hostname (with port)	`s3.amazonaws.com` (AWS)
`host-bucket` / `S3_HOST_BUCKET`	Default DNS-style bucket+hostname:port template for accessing a bucket	`%(bucket)s.$S3_ENDPOINT_HOST`
`region` / `S3_REGION`	Default region to create the buckets in (if not defined, the template won't create any)	none
`S3_ACCESS_KEY`	Default S3 service Access Key	has to be defined
`S3_SECRET_KEY`	Default S3 service Secret Key	has to be defined
`base-bucket-name` / `S3_BASE_BUCKET_NAME`	Base bucket name	`$CI_PROJECT_NAME` (see GitLab doc)
`prefix` / `S3_PREFIX`	Default S3 prefix to use as a root destination to upload objects in the S3 bucket	none
`scripts-dir` / `S3_SCRIPTS_DIR`	Directory where S3 hook scripts are located	`.`

Deployment jobs¶

Each environment has its own deployment job (associated with the right branch).

It uses the following variables:

Input / Variable	Description	Default value
`deploy-args` / `S3_DEPLOY_ARGS`	s3cmd command and options to deploy files to the bucket	`sync --recursive --delete-removed --acl-public --no-mime-magic --guess-mime-type`
`deploy-files` / `S3_DEPLOY_FILES`	Pattern(s) of files to deploy to the S3 bucket	`public/` (all files from `public` directory)
`website-disabled` / `S3_WEBSITE_DISABLED`	Set to `true` to disable WebSite hosting by your S3 bucket	none (enabled by default)
`website-args` / `S3_WEBSITE_ARGS`	s3cmd command and options to enable WebSite hosting on the bucket	`ws-create --ws-index=index.html --ws-error=404.html`
`website-endpoint` / `S3_WEBSITE_ENDPOINT`	Default WebSite endpoint url pattern (supports `%(bucket)s` and `%(location)s` placeholders). only required when website hosting is not disabled	`http://%(bucket)s.s3-website.%(location)s.amazonaws.com`

If need be you could add your own hook script s3-pre-deploy.sh that will be triggered right before deploying files to the S3 bucket.

If the target bucket doesn't appear to exist, the template tries to create it.

`s3-cleanup-review` job¶

This job allows destroying each review environment. Simply deletes the associated objects in the bucket. After objects removal, if the bucket appears to be empty, also tries to delete the bucket.

`s3-cleanup-all-review` job¶

This job allows destroying all review environments at once (in order to save cloud resources).

It is disabled by default and can be controlled using the $CLEANUP_ALL_REVIEW variable:

automatically executed if $CLEANUP_ALL_REVIEW set to force,
manual job enabled from any master branch pipeline if $CLEANUP_ALL_REVIEW set to true (or any other value),

The first value force can be used in conjunction with a scheduled pipeline to cleanup cloud resources for instance everyday at 6pm or on friday evening.

The second one simply enables the (manual) cleanup job on the master branch pipeline.

Anyway destroyed review environments will be automatically re-created the next time a developer pushes a new commit on a feature branch.

in case of scheduling the cleanup, you'll probably have to create an almost empty branch without any other template (no need to build/test/analyse your code if your only goal is to cleanup environments).

Review environments configuration¶

Review environments are dynamic and ephemeral environments to deploy your ongoing developments (a.k.a. feature or topic branches).

They are enabled by default and can be disabled by setting the S3_REVIEW_DISABLED variable (see below).

Here are variables supported to configure review environments:

Input / Variable	Description	Default value
`review-disabled` / `S3_REVIEW_DISABLED`	Set to `true` to disable `review` environments	none (enabled)
`review-endpoint-host` / `S3_REVIEW_ENDPOINT_HOST`	S3 endpoint hostname (with port) for `review` env (only define to override default)	`$S3_ENDPOINT_HOST`
`review-region` / `S3_REVIEW_REGION`	Region to create the `review` buckets in (if not defined, the template won't create any)	`$S3_REGION`
`S3_REVIEW_ACCESS_KEY`	S3 service Access Key for `review` env (only define to override default)	`$S3_ACCESS_KEY`
`S3_REVIEW_SECRET_KEY`	S3 service Secret Key for `review` env (only define to override default)	`$S3_SECRET_KEY`
`review-bucket-name` / `S3_REVIEW_BUCKET_NAME`	Bucket name for `review` env	`"${S3_BASE_BUCKET_NAME}-${CI_ENVIRONMENT_SLUG}"` (ex: `myproject-review-fix-bug-12`)
`review-prefix` / `S3_REVIEW_PREFIX`	S3 prefix to use for `review` env (only define to override default)	`prefix` / `S3_PREFIX`
`review-autostop-duration` / `S3_REVIEW_AUTOSTOP_DURATION`	The amount of time before GitLab will automatically stop `review` environments	`4 hours`

Integration environment configuration¶

The integration environment is the environment associated to your integration branch (develop by default).

It is enabled by default and can be disabled by setting the S3_INTEG_DISABLED variable (see below).

Here are variables supported to configure the integration environment:

Input / Variable	Description	Default value
`integ-disabled` / `S3_INTEG_DISABLED`	Set to `true` to disable the `integration` environment	none (enabled)
`integ-endpoint-host` / `S3_INTEG_ENDPOINT_HOST`	S3 endpoint hostname (with port) for `integration` env (only define to override default)	`$S3_ENDPOINT_HOST`
`integ-region` / `S3_INTEG_REGION`	Region to create the `integration` bucket in	`$S3_REGION`
`S3_INTEG_ACCESS_KEY`	S3 service Access Key for `integration` env (only define to override default)	`$S3_ACCESS_KEY`
`S3_INTEG_SECRET_KEY`	S3 service Secret Key for `integration` env (only define to override default)	`$S3_SECRET_KEY`
`integ-bucket-name` / `S3_INTEG_BUCKET_NAME`	Bucket name for `integration` env	`${S3_BASE_BUCKET_NAME}-integration`
`integ-prefix` / `S3_INTEG_PREFIX`	S3 prefix to use for `integration` env (only define to override default)	`prefix` / `S3_PREFIX`

Staging environment configuration¶

The staging environment is an iso-prod environment meant for testing and validation purpose associated to your production branch (main or master by default).

It is enabled by default and can be disabled by setting the S3_STAGING_DISABLED variable (see below).

Here are variables supported to configure the staging environment:

Input / Variable	Description	Default value
`staging-disabled` / `S3_STAGING_DISABLED`	Set to `true` to disable the `staging` environment	none (enabled)
`staging-endpoint-host` / `S3_STAGING_ENDPOINT_HOST`	S3 endpoint hostname (with port) for `staging` env (only define to override default)	`$S3_ENDPOINT_HOST`
`staging-region` / `S3_STAGING_REGION`	Region to create the `staging` bucket in	`$S3_REGION`
`S3_STAGING_ACCESS_KEY`	S3 service Access Key for `staging` env (only define to override default)	`$S3_ACCESS_KEY`
`S3_STAGING_SECRET_KEY`	S3 service Secret Key for `staging` env (only define to override default)	`$S3_SECRET_KEY`
`staging-bucket-name` / `S3_STAGING_BUCKET_NAME`	Bucket name for `staging` env	`${S3_BASE_BUCKET_NAME}-staging`
`staging-prefix` / `S3_STAGING_PREFIX`	S3 prefix to use for `staging` env (only define to override default)	`prefix` / `S3_PREFIX`

Production environment configuration¶

The production environment is the final deployment environment associated with your production branch (main or master by default).

It is enabled by default and can be disabled by setting the S3_PROD_DISABLED variable (see below).

Here are variables supported to configure the production environment:

Input / Variable	Description	Default value
`prod-disabled` / `S3_PROD_DISABLED`	Set to `true` to disable the `production` environment	none (enabled)
`prod-endpoint-host` / `S3_PROD_ENDPOINT_HOST`	S3 endpoint hostname (with port) for `production` env (only define to override default)	`$S3_ENDPOINT_HOST`
`prod-region` / `S3_PROD_REGION`	Region to create the `production` bucket in	`$S3_REGION`
`S3_PROD_ACCESS_KEY`	S3 service Access Key for `production` env (only define to override default)	`$S3_ACCESS_KEY`
`S3_PROD_SECRET_KEY`	S3 service Secret Key for `production` env (only define to override default)	`$S3_SECRET_KEY`
`prod-bucket-name` / `S3_PROD_BUCKET_NAME`	Bucket name for `production` env	`$S3_BASE_BUCKET_NAME`
`prod-deploy-strategy` / `S3_PROD_DEPLOY_STRATEGY`	Defines the deployment to production strategy. One of `manual` (i.e. one-click) or `auto`.	`manual`
`prod-prefix` / `S3_PROD_PREFIX`	S3 prefix to use for `production` env (only define to override default)	`prefix` / `S3_PREFIX`

Variants¶

Vault variant¶

This variant allows delegating your secrets management to a Vault server.

Configuration¶

In order to be able to communicate with the Vault server, the variant requires the additional configuration parameters:

Input / Variable	Description	Default value
`TBC_VAULT_IMAGE`	The Vault Secrets Provider image to use (can be overridden)	`registry.gitlab.com/to-be-continuous/tools/vault-secrets-provider:latest`
`vault-base-url` / `VAULT_BASE_URL`	The Vault server base API url	none
`vault-oidc-aud` / `VAULT_OIDC_AUD`	The `aud` claim for the JWT	`$CI_SERVER_URL`
`VAULT_ROLE_ID`	The AppRole RoleID	must be defined
`VAULT_SECRET_ID`	The AppRole SecretID	must be defined

Usage¶

Then you may retrieve any of your secret(s) from Vault using the following syntax:

@url@http://vault-secrets-provider/api/secrets/{secret_path}?field={field}

With:

Parameter	Description
`secret_path` (path parameter)	this is your secret location in the Vault server
`field` (query parameter)	parameter to access a single basic field from the secret JSON payload

Example¶

include:
  # main template
  - component: $CI_SERVER_FQDN/to-be-continuous/s3/gitlab-ci-s3@7.2.3
  # Vault variant
  - component: $CI_SERVER_FQDN/to-be-continuous/s3/gitlab-ci-s3-vault@7.2.3
    inputs:
      # audience claim for JWT
      vault-oidc-aud: "https://vault.acme.host"
      vault-base-url: "https://vault.acme.host/v1"
      # $VAULT_ROLE_ID and $VAULT_SECRET_ID defined as a secret CI/CD variable

variables:
  # Secrets managed by Vault
  S3_ACCESS_KEY: "@url@http://vault-secrets-provider/api/secrets/b7ecb6ebabc231/my-backend/s3?field=access_key"
  S3_SECRET_KEY: "@url@http://vault-secrets-provider/api/secrets/b7ecb6ebabc231/my-backend/s3?field=secret_key"

GitLab CI template for S3 (Simple Storage Service)¶

Usage¶

Use as a CI/CD component¶

Use as a CI/CD template (legacy)¶

Understand¶

Managed deployment environments¶

Review environments¶

Integration environment¶

Production environments¶

Using other S3-compatible systems than AWS¶

Buckets namespacing¶

A single bucket with separate prefixes for each env¶

Hybrid policy¶

Deployment output variables¶

Configuration reference¶

Secrets management¶

Global configuration¶

Deployment jobs¶

s3-cleanup-review job¶

s3-cleanup-all-review job¶

Review environments configuration¶

Integration environment configuration¶

Staging environment configuration¶

Production environment configuration¶

Variants¶

Vault variant¶

Configuration¶

Usage¶

Example¶

`s3-cleanup-review` job¶

`s3-cleanup-all-review` job¶